In this chapter of the “Handbook of Child Well-Being” (starting on page 2807 of the book), the authors describe their construction of indices of both positive and negative well-being, using micro data from the 2007 U.S. National Survey of Children’s Health. In addition, they present both positive and negative indices of the contexts of children’s development. Both the child well-being and the contextual indices are composed of multiple domains that reflect a social-ecological perspective.