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| "Best Bets"
to Promote Quality Platonic Peer Relationships: Seek Residence in Stable Neighborhoods |
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Furthermore, cross-sectional data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) suggest that neighborhood context influences the likelihood of peer fighting (Roche, Webster, Alexander, & Ensminger, 1999). Adolescent males who lived in more stable and more affluent neighborhoods reported significantly less fighting with their peers than youth from other neighborhoods. The researchers employed a subset of 80 urban- and urban/suburban-mixed high school and middle school pairs, comprised of 616 males between roughly 12- and 17-years-old (96%); 40% of the participants were Caucasian, 26% were African-American, another 26% were Hispanic, and 9% were identified as "Other". Similarly, the quasi-experimental longitudinal evaluation of the Moving to Opportunities (MTO) program, described above, found that moving to a less disadvantaged neighborhood appears to affect positive changes in youth behavior (Leventhal & Brooks-Gunn). These changes in behavior have the potential to promote peer relationships, as the treatment adolescents reported arguing less frequently and evidenced improved mental health. Positive mental health is a quality that has been identified as important to the establishment and maintenance of friendships (Hightower, 1990). Similarly, analysis of longitudinal data--- drawn from the 860 children, ages 14 to 18 in 1994, of females participating in the NLSY79--- suggests that living in a community with greater residential stability is associated with less aggressive behavior; this, even after controlling for maternal and family characteristics/circumstances. Conversely, living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with higher levels of aggressive behavior. Participants are not representative of 14- to 18-year-olds in general, as they were born disproportionately to young mothers (Kowaleski-Jones, 1996). |
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