"What Works" to Promote Empathy and Sympathy:
Cognitive/Affective Empathy Training Program

One example is found in Cognitive/Affective Empathy Training (CAET), a program which endeavors to improve levels of empathetic response and to decrease levels of aggression by way of addressing cognitive and affective deficits in aggressive adolescents. CAET consists of four sessions, each of which focuses on one of the following topics: interpreting the affect of others, role-taking, choosing and utilizing an appropriate level of affect, and event analysis. Trainees continue to the next topic only after reasonable gains are made in the preceding topic. Topics are presented in a variety of ways, such as visual, audio, and kinesthetic modalities, to ensure the trainee's understanding and integration of the topic or skill. Experimental research by Pecukonis (1990), on the influence of CAET on aggressive adolescent females, found that the training program increased participants' (n=12) level of affective empathy, and their understanding of the positive and emotional experiences of others, over that of the control group participants (n=12).


 
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