Empirical research suggests that Project Northland, a 3-year training program consisting of weekly training sessions or group activities, effectively lowers levels of anti-social behavior, and fosters the ability to regulate behavior and resist peer pressure. Through joint parent-child training sessions and community organizing, Project Northland aims to increase participants' bonding, self-efficacy, prosocial involvement, and social, emotional, and behavioral competencies. An experimental study found that students who participated in the program were more likely to report increased communication with parents, a heightened ability to resist peer pressure, increased levels of self-efficacy, and lower levels of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use. The sample consisted of 1900 junior high students (Perry et al., 1996).