Studies have consistently found that children with parents who display responsiveness and warmth, and who regulate the behaviors of their children (i.e., authoritative parenting), are more competent and independent, and have higher levels of self-esteem, moral development, and emotional control, than children of parents with other parenting styles (Darling & Steinberg, 1993; Maccoby & Martin, 1983). Steinberg and colleagues have found similar results for adolescents (Lamborn, Mounts, Steinberg, & Dornbusch, 1991; Steinberg, 1990). For this age group, parental responsiveness appears to aid in the development of self-esteem and social competencies, while parents' ability to regulate the youth's behaviors appears to enhance the youth's impulse control and decrease problem behaviors (Steinberg, 1990).