Another strategy on the community level is to provide intergenerational mentoring to children and youth. Loscuito, Rajala, Townsend and Taylor (1996) evaluated the Across Ages program, a Temple University sponsored mentoring prevention strategy that targeted 180 African American, Asian American, Latino, and Caucasian American sixth graders in highly distressed neighborhoods in Philadelphia. Older adults (55 and older), who went through a rigorous selection process, were matched with students with the goal of increasing knowledge and reducing the prevalence of substance abuse. Aside from mentoring provided by older adults, students also provided services for frail elders and were given school-based life skills training (Positive Youth Development Curriculum; Weissberg, Caplan, & Bennetto, 1988). Mentors also interacted with parents, thus acting as models, during weekend workshops with the students. The results over a three-year period support the effectiveness of the multi-component program. Students who received the full intervention had significantly (or marginally significantly) better outcomes than either the control group or a group that received all services but the mentoring. Full-intervention students reported better attitudes toward school, their future, and their elders, and fewer instances of substance use. The most robust findings occurred with children who had mentors who made a time and an emotional commitment to the adolescents. The intervention did not include a separate experimental group of "mentoring only."