Although not tested on adolescents, a multimodal treatment has been tested for children with ADHD, and results may suggest its effectiveness with adolescents (The MTA Cooperative Group, 1999). This study of 579 children, with a mean age of 8.5 years, was led by 18 nationally recognized experts on ADHD. The treatments were medication only (carefully monitored with monthly follow-up, with input from teacher), psychosocial/behavioral treatment only, a combination of both, or routine community care. Each treatment lasted for a total of 14 months. It was found that either medication alone or the combination treatment was more effective than either the psychosocial/behavioral treatment alone or the community care. The combined treatment also enabled children to take lower doses of the medication. It should be noted, as is usual, that the results were based on averages. Therefore, there were children in the psychosocial/ behavioral group that showed clinically significant improvements and children in the medication group that did not. The youth will be followed into adolescence. The subsequent data will yield results about the long-term effects of these treatment types.