- Promote increased academic self-concept

- Promote feelings of school belonging

- Decrease the level of importance students place on having friends at school

- Promote interest in adhering to school rules

- Decrease educational risk (e.g., educational adjustment difficulties)

Family Level

- Promote parental involvement in adolescents' education

- Promote more cognitively stimulating home environments for younger children

- Promote parental autonomy-granting

Peer Level

- Promote more positive achievement motivation among adolescents' peers or alter adolescents' perceptions of their peers' achievement motivation

School Level

- Increase adolescents' feelings of support from adults at school and teachers' emphasis on mutual respect between students in their classrooms.

- Promote increased emphasis on mastery goals and decreased emphasis on learning goals at school