A number of studies report that those with higher test scores tend to hold higher educational expectations. For instance, Goyette and Xie (1999) reported that those performing better on a set of reading, math, and science tests in 8th grade expected to complete a greater number of years of schooling, and were more likely to expect to complete college, in 10th grade than those with lower test scores. This relationship was documented in this national sample of Asian American and White adolescents and one other study examining a national sample of students (Berends, 1995), as well as in a smaller sample of junior high/middle school students (Murdock et al., 2000).