Further, a number of rigorous evaluation studies have documented a relationship between at-risk adolescents' participation in mentoring programs and their levels of school attendance. Evaluations of four different mentoring programs, three of which focused solely on adolescents (with the fourth including elementary-school aged children as well), have documented higher attendance rates among students enrolled in a mentoring program than those not enrolled (Aseltine, Dupre, & Lamlein, 2000; Cave, George, & Quint, 1990; Losciuto, Rajala, Townsend, & Taylor, 1996; McPartland, & Nettles, 1991; Rhodes, Grossman, & Resch, 2000; for a review, see Jekielek, Moore, & Hair, 2001). Evaluations of one of these programs also documented an increase in attitudes toward school among those participating in the program as compared to those not participating (Aseltine, Dupre, & Lamlein, 2000; Losciuto, Rajala, Townsend, & Taylor, 1996).